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Development of Human Indices to Determine Both Returning Point of Residents and Damage Restoration for Response Protocol After the Chemical Accident

Received: 18 March 2022     Accepted: 8 April 2022     Published: 29 July 2022
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Abstract

There were about 600 cases of large and small chemical accidents from 2014 to 2020 throughout Korea. The number of chemical accident cases after enforcement of AREEC and CSCA was declined sharply to 113, 79, and 57 in 2015, 2017, and 2019 respectively, which was reduced almost half of the number from 2015. Even if, the number of chemical accident cases was dramatically decreased, a response protocol for returning point of chemical accidental area residents and damage restoration is urgently required. Therefore, human indices were developed to determine returning point of residents and damage restoration after the chemical accident. To determine the returning point of residents after the chemical accident, a new concept, the standard man model was introduced as a human index, in which both H-code and its acute effects were main idea. To evaluate the applicability, a hydrogen fluoride leakage accident in Gumi was applied. The returning point were suggested as the conservative remission period of acute effects among relevant hazard effects and compared with actual returning point. The coverage of each age group were considered with reflecting average daily dose expected for actual residents. In addition, a relief-index as a social-scientific approach was reflected as well to apply the damage restoration. Actual returning point of residents in Gumi was 88 days; and that of standard man model suggested was 84 days. The expected amount of exposure at aged 12 or under was at least 2.35 times greater than that of this model, 40s, theoretically. However, their population ratio was less than 1%, so 99% of residents could be applied when the standard man model was applied. The relief-index was as an objective and quantitative methodology to apply the qualitative aspect. Although evaluated as a relatively positive result, there was a limitation such as the number of accident applied to the verification of standard man model. The relief index was also considered, but further research should be carried out to find threshold level for the relief.

Published in American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajese.20220603.11
Page(s) 129-138
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Chemical Accident, Returning Point of Residents, Standard Man Model, Remission Period, Acute Effect

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Jun Yong Yang, Jeong Moo Heo, Hyun Seok Lee, Jun Sang Lee, Yong Sung Cho, et al. (2022). Development of Human Indices to Determine Both Returning Point of Residents and Damage Restoration for Response Protocol After the Chemical Accident. American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 6(3), 129-138. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20220603.11

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    ACS Style

    Jun Yong Yang; Jeong Moo Heo; Hyun Seok Lee; Jun Sang Lee; Yong Sung Cho, et al. Development of Human Indices to Determine Both Returning Point of Residents and Damage Restoration for Response Protocol After the Chemical Accident. Am. J. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2022, 6(3), 129-138. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20220603.11

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    AMA Style

    Jun Yong Yang, Jeong Moo Heo, Hyun Seok Lee, Jun Sang Lee, Yong Sung Cho, et al. Development of Human Indices to Determine Both Returning Point of Residents and Damage Restoration for Response Protocol After the Chemical Accident. Am J Environ Sci Eng. 2022;6(3):129-138. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20220603.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajese.20220603.11,
      author = {Jun Yong Yang and Jeong Moo Heo and Hyun Seok Lee and Jun Sang Lee and Yong Sung Cho and Ho Hyun Kim and Sang Hee Park},
      title = {Development of Human Indices to Determine Both Returning Point of Residents and Damage Restoration for Response Protocol After the Chemical Accident},
      journal = {American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering},
      volume = {6},
      number = {3},
      pages = {129-138},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajese.20220603.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20220603.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajese.20220603.11},
      abstract = {There were about 600 cases of large and small chemical accidents from 2014 to 2020 throughout Korea. The number of chemical accident cases after enforcement of AREEC and CSCA was declined sharply to 113, 79, and 57 in 2015, 2017, and 2019 respectively, which was reduced almost half of the number from 2015. Even if, the number of chemical accident cases was dramatically decreased, a response protocol for returning point of chemical accidental area residents and damage restoration is urgently required. Therefore, human indices were developed to determine returning point of residents and damage restoration after the chemical accident. To determine the returning point of residents after the chemical accident, a new concept, the standard man model was introduced as a human index, in which both H-code and its acute effects were main idea. To evaluate the applicability, a hydrogen fluoride leakage accident in Gumi was applied. The returning point were suggested as the conservative remission period of acute effects among relevant hazard effects and compared with actual returning point. The coverage of each age group were considered with reflecting average daily dose expected for actual residents. In addition, a relief-index as a social-scientific approach was reflected as well to apply the damage restoration. Actual returning point of residents in Gumi was 88 days; and that of standard man model suggested was 84 days. The expected amount of exposure at aged 12 or under was at least 2.35 times greater than that of this model, 40s, theoretically. However, their population ratio was less than 1%, so 99% of residents could be applied when the standard man model was applied. The relief-index was as an objective and quantitative methodology to apply the qualitative aspect. Although evaluated as a relatively positive result, there was a limitation such as the number of accident applied to the verification of standard man model. The relief index was also considered, but further research should be carried out to find threshold level for the relief.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Development of Human Indices to Determine Both Returning Point of Residents and Damage Restoration for Response Protocol After the Chemical Accident
    AU  - Jun Yong Yang
    AU  - Jeong Moo Heo
    AU  - Hyun Seok Lee
    AU  - Jun Sang Lee
    AU  - Yong Sung Cho
    AU  - Ho Hyun Kim
    AU  - Sang Hee Park
    Y1  - 2022/07/29
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20220603.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajese.20220603.11
    T2  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
    SP  - 129
    EP  - 138
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-7993
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20220603.11
    AB  - There were about 600 cases of large and small chemical accidents from 2014 to 2020 throughout Korea. The number of chemical accident cases after enforcement of AREEC and CSCA was declined sharply to 113, 79, and 57 in 2015, 2017, and 2019 respectively, which was reduced almost half of the number from 2015. Even if, the number of chemical accident cases was dramatically decreased, a response protocol for returning point of chemical accidental area residents and damage restoration is urgently required. Therefore, human indices were developed to determine returning point of residents and damage restoration after the chemical accident. To determine the returning point of residents after the chemical accident, a new concept, the standard man model was introduced as a human index, in which both H-code and its acute effects were main idea. To evaluate the applicability, a hydrogen fluoride leakage accident in Gumi was applied. The returning point were suggested as the conservative remission period of acute effects among relevant hazard effects and compared with actual returning point. The coverage of each age group were considered with reflecting average daily dose expected for actual residents. In addition, a relief-index as a social-scientific approach was reflected as well to apply the damage restoration. Actual returning point of residents in Gumi was 88 days; and that of standard man model suggested was 84 days. The expected amount of exposure at aged 12 or under was at least 2.35 times greater than that of this model, 40s, theoretically. However, their population ratio was less than 1%, so 99% of residents could be applied when the standard man model was applied. The relief-index was as an objective and quantitative methodology to apply the qualitative aspect. Although evaluated as a relatively positive result, there was a limitation such as the number of accident applied to the verification of standard man model. The relief index was also considered, but further research should be carried out to find threshold level for the relief.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Chemtopia Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea

  • Chemtopia Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea

  • Chemtopia Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea

  • Chemtopia Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea

  • Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Nano Environment Engineering/Biological Engineering, SeoKyeong University, Seoul, Korea

  • Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Nano Environment Engineering/Biological Engineering, SeoKyeong University, Seoul, Korea

  • Chemtopia Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea

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