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Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Water from Selected Boreholes Around Nnewi Industrial Area, Anambra State, Nigeria

Received: 20 February 2023     Accepted: 13 March 2023     Published: 11 April 2023
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Abstract

The study seeks to evaluate the quality of borehole water around the Nnewi industrial area of Anambra State, Nigeria, and to determine the extent of its deterioration due to waste from nearby industries. Samples were collected from 16 different borehole sampling sites around 8 industries for twelve consecutive months (May 2019 to April 2020) and analysed for various physicochemical parameters such as pH, temperature, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), etc., using standard methods. The results were compared with World Health Organisation (WHO) standards. In both seasons, data acquired indicate COD ranges of 4.50 – 20.50 mg/L (mean value 9.63±5.28 mg/L), temperature 27.00 – 30.00°C (mean value 28.59±0.99°C), pH 5.60–7.99 (mean value 6.97±0.47), DO 2.00 – 6.60 mg/L (mean3.99±0.76 mg/L), BOD 4.00 – 9.60 mg/L (mean 6.54±1.33mg/L). All the physicochemical parameters examined, with exception of BOD and COD, are within the WHO standard limits. Pearson’s correlation showed that physicochemical parameters were strongly and moderately correlated with each other at either p < 0.01 or < 0.05. The BOD and COD results revealed that the borehole water was found to be contaminated, unfit for drinking, and likely health hazards to users. It is, therefore, recommended that water from these study areas will be properly treated before human consumption, to rid it of contaminants.

Published in American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajese.20230701.14
Page(s) 23-33
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Borehole, Industrial Contamination, Physicochemical Characteristics, Water Quality

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Nkiruka Charity Eboagu, Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe, Chiedozie Chukwuemeka Aralu, Kate Ekwy Ochiagha, Ebele Joy Morah. (2023). Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Water from Selected Boreholes Around Nnewi Industrial Area, Anambra State, Nigeria. American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 7(1), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20230701.14

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    ACS Style

    Nkiruka Charity Eboagu; Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe; Chiedozie Chukwuemeka Aralu; Kate Ekwy Ochiagha; Ebele Joy Morah. Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Water from Selected Boreholes Around Nnewi Industrial Area, Anambra State, Nigeria. Am. J. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2023, 7(1), 23-33. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20230701.14

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    AMA Style

    Nkiruka Charity Eboagu, Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe, Chiedozie Chukwuemeka Aralu, Kate Ekwy Ochiagha, Ebele Joy Morah. Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Water from Selected Boreholes Around Nnewi Industrial Area, Anambra State, Nigeria. Am J Environ Sci Eng. 2023;7(1):23-33. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20230701.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajese.20230701.14,
      author = {Nkiruka Charity Eboagu and Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe and Chiedozie Chukwuemeka Aralu and Kate Ekwy Ochiagha and Ebele Joy Morah},
      title = {Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Water from Selected Boreholes Around Nnewi Industrial Area, Anambra State, Nigeria},
      journal = {American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering},
      volume = {7},
      number = {1},
      pages = {23-33},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajese.20230701.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20230701.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajese.20230701.14},
      abstract = {The study seeks to evaluate the quality of borehole water around the Nnewi industrial area of Anambra State, Nigeria, and to determine the extent of its deterioration due to waste from nearby industries. Samples were collected from 16 different borehole sampling sites around 8 industries for twelve consecutive months (May 2019 to April 2020) and analysed for various physicochemical parameters such as pH, temperature, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), etc., using standard methods. The results were compared with World Health Organisation (WHO) standards. In both seasons, data acquired indicate COD ranges of 4.50 – 20.50 mg/L (mean value 9.63±5.28 mg/L), temperature 27.00 – 30.00°C (mean value 28.59±0.99°C), pH 5.60–7.99 (mean value 6.97±0.47), DO 2.00 – 6.60 mg/L (mean3.99±0.76 mg/L), BOD 4.00 – 9.60 mg/L (mean 6.54±1.33mg/L). All the physicochemical parameters examined, with exception of BOD and COD, are within the WHO standard limits. Pearson’s correlation showed that physicochemical parameters were strongly and moderately correlated with each other at either p < 0.01 or < 0.05. The BOD and COD results revealed that the borehole water was found to be contaminated, unfit for drinking, and likely health hazards to users. It is, therefore, recommended that water from these study areas will be properly treated before human consumption, to rid it of contaminants.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Water from Selected Boreholes Around Nnewi Industrial Area, Anambra State, Nigeria
    AU  - Nkiruka Charity Eboagu
    AU  - Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe
    AU  - Chiedozie Chukwuemeka Aralu
    AU  - Kate Ekwy Ochiagha
    AU  - Ebele Joy Morah
    Y1  - 2023/04/11
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20230701.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajese.20230701.14
    T2  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
    SP  - 23
    EP  - 33
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-7993
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20230701.14
    AB  - The study seeks to evaluate the quality of borehole water around the Nnewi industrial area of Anambra State, Nigeria, and to determine the extent of its deterioration due to waste from nearby industries. Samples were collected from 16 different borehole sampling sites around 8 industries for twelve consecutive months (May 2019 to April 2020) and analysed for various physicochemical parameters such as pH, temperature, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), etc., using standard methods. The results were compared with World Health Organisation (WHO) standards. In both seasons, data acquired indicate COD ranges of 4.50 – 20.50 mg/L (mean value 9.63±5.28 mg/L), temperature 27.00 – 30.00°C (mean value 28.59±0.99°C), pH 5.60–7.99 (mean value 6.97±0.47), DO 2.00 – 6.60 mg/L (mean3.99±0.76 mg/L), BOD 4.00 – 9.60 mg/L (mean 6.54±1.33mg/L). All the physicochemical parameters examined, with exception of BOD and COD, are within the WHO standard limits. Pearson’s correlation showed that physicochemical parameters were strongly and moderately correlated with each other at either p < 0.01 or < 0.05. The BOD and COD results revealed that the borehole water was found to be contaminated, unfit for drinking, and likely health hazards to users. It is, therefore, recommended that water from these study areas will be properly treated before human consumption, to rid it of contaminants.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

  • Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

  • Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

  • Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

  • Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

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